几种常见显微镜送样检测要求
<p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; background-color: #ffffff;"><strong><span style="color: #222222;"><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;">一、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)</span></span></span></strong></p>
<p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; background-color: #ffffff;"> </p>
<p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="color: #222222;"><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑, sans-serif;">固体样品的微观形貌、结构,样品的微区成分分析,广泛应用于材料、生物、化学、环境等领域。</span></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; background-color: #ffffff;"> </p>
<p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="color: #222222;"><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑, sans-serif;">(1)、粉末、微粒样品形态的测定;</span></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="color: #222222;"><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑, sans-serif;">(2)、金属、陶瓷、细胞、聚合物和复合材料等材料的显微形貌分析;</span></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="color: #222222;"><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑, sans-serif;">(3)、多孔材料、纤维、聚合物和复合材料等界面特性的研究;</span></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="color: #222222;"><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑, sans-serif;">(4)、固体样品表面微区成分的定性和半定量分析(点分布、线分布和面分布)。</span></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; background-color: #ffffff;"> </p>
<p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="color: #222222;"><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑, sans-serif;">送样要求:</span></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; background-color: #ffffff;"> </p>
<p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="color: #222222;"><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑, sans-serif;">(1)、样品中不得含有铁(Fe)、钴(Co)、镍(Ni)。样品不得具有磁性,并且不易被磁化。</span></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="color: #222222;"><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑, sans-serif;">(2)、 样品中不得含有水分。多孔类或易潮解的样品,请提前真空干燥处理</span></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="color: #222222;"><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑, sans-serif;">(3)、标明样品的主要成分(特别是易降解、不耐高温、稳定性差的样品)</span></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="color: #222222;"><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑, sans-serif;">(4)、微区成分分析的样品,标明要求测试的主要元素</span></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="color: #222222;"><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑, sans-serif;">(5)、样品高度小于50mm,直径小于50mm。</span></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; background-color: #ffffff;"> </p>
<p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; background-color: #ffffff;"><strong><span style="color: #222222;"><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;">二、原子力显微镜(AFM)</span></span></span></strong></p>
<p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; background-color: #ffffff;"> </p>
<p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="color: #222222;"><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑, sans-serif;">固体材料表面微观形貌、大小、厚度和粗糙度的表征</span></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; background-color: #ffffff;"> </p>
<p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="color: #222222;"><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑, sans-serif;">送样要求:</span></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="color: #222222;"><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑, sans-serif;">(1)、样品大小大1×1cm,厚度厚0.5cm;</span></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="color: #222222;"><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑, sans-serif;">(2)、样品上下表面整洁,没有油渍灰尘等污染物;</span></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="color: #222222;"><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑, sans-serif;">(3)、仪器大扫描范围10×10×2.5μm;</span></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="color: #222222;"><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑, sans-serif;">(4)、若是纳米颗粒样品,先用分散剂超声分散后,滴在云母、硅片等平整的基底上,干燥后测试;</span></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="color: #222222;"><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑, sans-serif;">(5)、若是静电纺丝样品,要求样品紧实致密。若不能制备为紧实致密的静电纺丝样品,要求样品制备在铝箔的光滑表面,且为单层丝;</span></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="color: #222222;"><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑, sans-serif;">(6)、若样品表面有无机盐,先用水等清除盐分后来测试,因为盐分结晶影响形貌的扫描;</span></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="color: #222222;"><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑, sans-serif;">(7)、若是要测试薄膜厚度,先把薄膜和基底作出一个边界清除的台阶。</span></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; background-color: #ffffff;"> </p>
<p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; background-color: #ffffff;"><strong><span style="color: #222222;"><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;">三、六硼化镧透射电子显微镜(JSM2100)</span></span></span></strong></p>
<p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; background-color: #ffffff;"> </p>
<p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="color: #222222;"><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑, sans-serif;">(1)、送检样品应有一定的化学、物理稳定性,在真空中及电子束轰击下不会挥发或变形;在电子束照射下会分解或释放出气体的样品及有机物、高分子、磁性材料,有可能造成镜筒污染,不接样。具有磁性、放射性、毒性、挥发性等对仪器有潜在危害的物质不接样。 </span></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; background-color: #ffffff;"> </p>
<p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="color: #222222;"><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑, sans-serif;">(2)、透射电子束一般只能穿透厚度为几十纳米以下的薄层样品。除微细粒状样品可以通过介质分散法并直接滴样外,其它样品的制备方法主要有物理减薄(离子和双喷减薄等)和超薄切片法。需要采用物理减薄法的样品制备过程,须由用户自己完成。超薄切片样品的制备,需经样品前处理、包埋、切片等复杂工序,周期较长(约两周左右)。</span></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; background-color: #ffffff;"> </p>
<p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="color: #222222;"><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑, sans-serif;">(3)、送样登记时应注明样品大致形态、尺寸、观测内容(包括是否要做晶格衍射);本台电镜不包含能谱附件。对于粉末和液体样品,要求样品均匀分散在支持膜上并且干燥(为避免粉末脱落,粒径需小于1um,请先在显微镜下观察确认;大颗粒粉末样品请研磨或包埋切片处理后再观察)。对于块体样品,要求样品大小为直径3mm的圆,厚度为200nm以下;高分辨送样要求厚度在10nm 以下。对于静电纺丝样品,建议将样品以较低密度直接纺到铜网支持膜上。</span></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; background-color: #ffffff;"> </p>
<p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="color: #222222;"><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑, sans-serif;">(4)、对于结构本身含水分或高沸点溶剂的样品制备(如脂质体、胶囊、部分静电纺丝样品),要求用户自己对样品进行*干燥。对于溶液中的各类有机/无机杂化体系或表面修饰体系,要求尽可能除尽有机杂质,以获得高衬度照片并避免对电镜造成过多危害。</span></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; background-color: #ffffff;"> </p>
<p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; background-color: #ffffff;"><strong><span style="color: #222222;"><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;">四、场发射扫描电子显微镜(FESEM)</span></span></span></strong></p>
<p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; background-color: #ffffff;"> </p>
<p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="color: #222222;"><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑, sans-serif;">送样要求:</span></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; background-color: #ffffff;"> </p>
<p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="color: #222222;"><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑, sans-serif;">(1)、样品中不得含有水、有机小分子等易挥发、易分解成分。</span></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="color: #222222;"><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑, sans-serif;">(2)、样品尽量小,大尺寸:高15mm,直径30mm。</span></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="color: #222222;"><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑, sans-serif;">(3)、多孔或易潮解样品,需提前真空干燥处理。</span></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="color: #222222;"><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑, sans-serif;">(4)、 粉末样品中不能含有铁、钴、镍等具有磁性成分,且不易被磁化。超声分散,滴在铝箔上,干燥后送样。</span></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="color: #222222;"><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑, sans-serif;">(5)、需观察样品断面时,断面自己制备。</span></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="color: #222222;"><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑, sans-serif;">(6)、只做元素分析时,要用红外压片机把纯粉末样品压片。不能测硼以下元素,测铂元素要事先说明。</span></span></p>