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飞行时间二次离子质谱分析(TOF-SIMS)测试原理及应用

<p style="border: 0px; font-size: 16px; margin: 0.63em 0px 1.8em; padding: 0px; counter-reset: list-1 0 list-2 0 list-3 0 list-4 0 list-5 0 list-6 0 list-7 0 list-8 0 list-9 0; color: #191919; font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="color: #236fa1;"><a style="color: #236fa1;" title="飞行时间二次离子质谱仪(TOF-SIMS)" href="https://www.kexingtest.com/instrument/detail?id=158" target="_blank" rel="noopener">飞行时间二次离子质谱(TOF-SIMS)</a></span>,也叫静态二次离子质谱,是飞行时间和二次离子质谱结合的一种新的表面分析技术。TOF-SIMS具有高分辨、高灵敏度、精确质量测定等性能,是目前高技术领域广泛使用的分析技术。</span></p> <p class="ql-align-center" style="border: 0px; font-size: 16px; margin: 0.63em 0px 1.8em; padding: 0px; counter-reset: list-1 0 list-2 0 list-3 0 list-4 0 list-5 0 list-6 0 list-7 0 list-8 0 list-9 0; text-align: center; color: #191919; font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><img style="border: 0px; margin: 10px auto 0px; padding: 0px; display: block; height: auto; max-width: 100%;" src="http://q4.itc.cn/images01/20240521/9d10c574e7ba4180b5bc8badd56a3978.png" /></span></p> <p style="border: 0px; font-size: 16px; margin: 0.63em 0px 1.8em; padding: 0px; counter-reset: list-1 0 list-2 0 list-3 0 list-4 0 list-5 0 list-6 0 list-7 0 list-8 0 list-9 0; color: #191919; font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">此外,TOF-SIMS是非常灵敏的表面分析手段。其凭借质谱分析、二维成像分析、深度元素分析等功能,广泛应用于医学、细胞学、地质矿物学、半导体、微电子、物理学、材料化学、纳米科学、矿物学、生命科学等领域。</span></p> <p style="border: 0px; font-size: 16px; margin: 0.63em 0px 1.8em; padding: 0px; counter-reset: list-1 0 list-2 0 list-3 0 list-4 0 list-5 0 list-6 0 list-7 0 list-8 0 list-9 0; color: #191919; font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 12pt;">一、基本原理</span></p> <p style="border: 0px; font-size: 16px; margin: 0.63em 0px 1.8em; padding: 0px; counter-reset: list-1 0 list-2 0 list-3 0 list-4 0 list-5 0 list-6 0 list-7 0 list-8 0 list-9 0; color: #191919; font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">飞行时间-二次离子质谱仪(Time of Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry,简称TOF-SIMS)是一种基于质谱的表面分析技术。其原理是基于一次离子与样品表面相互作用(如下图)。高能一次离子束(如Ga+,Bi3+, Arn+,Cs+等)轰击样品表面,在轰击区域产生包含样品表面成分信息的带电粒子即离子,这些带电离子经过质量分析后得到表面成分信息的质谱,简称二次离子质谱。</span></p> <p class="ql-align-center" style="border: 0px; font-size: 16px; margin: 0.63em 0px 1.8em; padding: 0px; counter-reset: list-1 0 list-2 0 list-3 0 list-4 0 list-5 0 list-6 0 list-7 0 list-8 0 list-9 0; text-align: center; color: #191919; font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><img style="border: 0px; margin: 10px auto 0px; padding: 0px; display: block; height: auto; max-width: 100%;" src="http://q1.itc.cn/images01/20240521/ce365dd0535948cbb7a77b4763eed1b3.png" /></span></p> <p style="border: 0px; font-size: 16px; margin: 0.63em 0px 1.8em; padding: 0px; counter-reset: list-1 0 list-2 0 list-3 0 list-4 0 list-5 0 list-6 0 list-7 0 list-8 0 list-9 0; color: #191919; font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">二次离子质谱主要利用质谱法区分一次离子溅射样品表面后产生的二次离子,可用来分析样品表面元素成分和分布[2]。</span></p> <p style="border: 0px; font-size: 16px; margin: 0.63em 0px 1.8em; padding: 0px; counter-reset: list-1 0 list-2 0 list-3 0 list-4 0 list-5 0 list-6 0 list-7 0 list-8 0 list-9 0; color: #191919; font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">飞行时间分析技术利用不同离子的质荷比不同造成的飞行速度不同来区分不同种类的离子。</span></p> <p style="border: 0px; font-size: 16px; margin: 0.63em 0px 1.8em; padding: 0px; counter-reset: list-1 0 list-2 0 list-3 0 list-4 0 list-5 0 list-6 0 list-7 0 list-8 0 list-9 0; color: #191919; font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">TOF-SIMS结合了二次离子质谱和飞行时间器的功能,提高了检测样品元素成分和分布的准确性。</span></p> <p style="border: 0px; font-size: 16px; margin: 0.63em 0px 1.8em; padding: 0px; counter-reset: list-1 0 list-2 0 list-3 0 list-4 0 list-5 0 list-6 0 list-7 0 list-8 0 list-9 0; color: #191919; font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">TOF-SIMS横向和纵向的分辨率高且质谱提供的灵敏度高,可以分析元素、同位素、分子等信息。</span></p> <p style="border: 0px; font-size: 16px; margin: 0.63em 0px 1.8em; padding: 0px; counter-reset: list-1 0 list-2 0 list-3 0 list-4 0 list-5 0 list-6 0 list-7 0 list-8 0 list-9 0; color: #191919; font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">这些特点使得TOF-SIMS成为表面分析的主要技术之一,可以提供EDX、AES、XPS等技术无法提供的元素信息。</span></p> <p style="border: 0px; font-size: 16px; margin: 0.63em 0px 1.8em; padding: 0px; counter-reset: list-1 0 list-2 0 list-3 0 list-4 0 list-5 0 list-6 0 list-7 0 list-8 0 list-9 0; color: #191919; font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">二、TOF-SIMS的特点</span></p> <p style="border: 0px; font-size: 16px; margin: 0.63em 0px 1.8em; padding: 0px; counter-reset: list-1 0 list-2 0 list-3 0 list-4 0 list-5 0 list-6 0 list-7 0 list-8 0 list-9 0; color: #191919; font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">TOF-SIMS具有二次离子质谱和飞行时间分析技术的特点。</span></p> <p style="border: 0px; font-size: 16px; margin: 0.63em 0px 1.8em; padding: 0px; counter-reset: list-1 0 list-2 0 list-3 0 list-4 0 list-5 0 list-6 0 list-7 0 list-8 0 list-9 0; color: #191919; font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">(1)高达ppm/ppb量级的检测灵敏度;</span></p> <p style="border: 0px; font-size: 16px; margin: 0.63em 0px 1.8em; padding: 0px; counter-reset: list-1 0 list-2 0 list-3 0 list-4 0 list-5 0 list-6 0 list-7 0 list-8 0 list-9 0; color: #191919; font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">(2)深度剖析功能;</span></p> <p style="border: 0px; font-size: 16px; margin: 0.63em 0px 1.8em; padding: 0px; counter-reset: list-1 0 list-2 0 list-3 0 list-4 0 list-5 0 list-6 0 list-7 0 list-8 0 list-9 0; color: #191919; font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">(3)可以检测H元素在内的元素和同位素;</span></p> <p style="border: 0px; font-size: 16px; margin: 0.63em 0px 1.8em; padding: 0px; counter-reset: list-1 0 list-2 0 list-3 0 list-4 0 list-5 0 list-6 0 list-7 0 list-8 0 list-9 0; color: #191919; font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">(4)结合标准样品,可以进行定量分析;</span></p> <p style="border: 0px; font-size: 16px; margin: 0.63em 0px 1.8em; padding: 0px; counter-reset: list-1 0 list-2 0 list-3 0 list-4 0 list-5 0 list-6 0 list-7 0 list-8 0 list-9 0; color: #191919; font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">(5)高横向分辨率(< 60 nm);</span></p> <p style="border: 0px; font-size: 16px; margin: 0.63em 0px 1.8em; padding: 0px; counter-reset: list-1 0 list-2 0 list-3 0 list-4 0 list-5 0 list-6 0 list-7 0 list-8 0 list-9 0; color: #191919; font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">(6)深度分辨率优于1 nm;</span></p> <p style="border: 0px; font-size: 16px; margin: 0.63em 0px 1.8em; padding: 0px; counter-reset: list-1 0 list-2 0 list-3 0 list-4 0 list-5 0 list-6 0 list-7 0 list-8 0 list-9 0; color: #191919; font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">(7)高精度扫描(像素分辨率高达1024 × 1024);</span></p> <p style="border: 0px; font-size: 16px; margin: 0.63em 0px 1.8em; padding: 0px; counter-reset: list-1 0 list-2 0 list-3 0 list-4 0 list-5 0 list-6 0 list-7 0 list-8 0 list-9 0; color: #191919; font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">(8)快速检测,快速图像采集(像素频率高达50 Hz);</span></p> <p style="border: 0px; font-size: 16px; margin: 0.63em 0px 1.8em; padding: 0px; counter-reset: list-1 0 list-2 0 list-3 0 list-4 0 list-5 0 list-6 0 list-7 0 list-8 0 list-9 0; color: #191919; font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">(9)溅射速度可达10 μm/h;</span></p> <p style="border: 0px; font-size: 16px; margin: 0.63em 0px 1.8em; padding: 0px; counter-reset: list-1 0 list-2 0 list-3 0 list-4 0 list-5 0 list-6 0 list-7 0 list-8 0 list-9 0; color: #191919; font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">(10)图像采集区域范围可从μm2到cm2量级;</span></p> <p style="border: 0px; font-size: 16px; margin: 0.63em 0px 1.8em; padding: 0px; counter-reset: list-1 0 list-2 0 list-3 0 list-4 0 list-5 0 list-6 0 list-7 0 list-8 0 list-9 0; color: #191919; font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">(11)样品消耗少;</span></p> <p style="border: 0px; font-size: 16px; margin: 0.63em 0px 1.8em; padding: 0px; counter-reset: list-1 0 list-2 0 list-3 0 list-4 0 list-5 0 list-6 0 list-7 0 list-8 0 list-9 0; color: #191919; font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">(12)可进行原子、基团、碎片和分子的检测[3];</span></p> <p style="border: 0px; font-size: 16px; margin: 0.63em 0px 1.8em; padding: 0px; counter-reset: list-1 0 list-2 0 list-3 0 list-4 0 list-5 0 list-6 0 list-7 0 list-8 0 list-9 0; color: #191919; font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">(13)高质量范围、高质量分辨率。</span></p> <p style="border: 0px; font-size: 16px; margin: 0.63em 0px 1.8em; padding: 0px; counter-reset: list-1 0 list-2 0 list-3 0 list-4 0 list-5 0 list-6 0 list-7 0 list-8 0 list-9 0; color: #191919; font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">三、样品要求</span></p> <p style="border: 0px; font-size: 16px; margin: 0.63em 0px 1.8em; padding: 0px; counter-reset: list-1 0 list-2 0 list-3 0 list-4 0 list-5 0 list-6 0 list-7 0 list-8 0 list-9 0; color: #191919; font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">(1)样品尺寸尽可能小:长/宽最好不超过1cm,厚度不超过5mm;</span></p> <p style="border: 0px; font-size: 16px; margin: 0.63em 0px 1.8em; padding: 0px; counter-reset: list-1 0 list-2 0 list-3 0 list-4 0 list-5 0 list-6 0 list-7 0 list-8 0 list-9 0; color: #191919; font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">(2)测试样品不受导电性的影响,绝缘样品也可以测试;</span></p> <p style="border: 0px; font-size: 16px; margin: 0.63em 0px 1.8em; padding: 0px; counter-reset: list-1 0 list-2 0 list-3 0 list-4 0 list-5 0 list-6 0 list-7 0 list-8 0 list-9 0; color: #191919; font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">(3)粉末样品至少需要10 mg;</span></p> <p style="border: 0px; font-size: 16px; margin: 0.63em 0px 1.8em; padding: 0px; counter-reset: list-1 0 list-2 0 list-3 0 list-4 0 list-5 0 list-6 0 list-7 0 list-8 0 list-9 0; color: #191919; font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">(4)测试面和对应面平行,样品平整度:测试面尽量平整;</span></p> <p style="border: 0px; font-size: 16px; margin: 0.63em 0px 1.8em; padding: 0px; counter-reset: list-1 0 list-2 0 list-3 0 list-4 0 list-5 0 list-6 0 list-7 0 list-8 0 list-9 0; color: #191919; font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">(5)测试面可以为规则形状也可以为不规则形状。</span></p> <p style="border: 0px; font-size: 16px; margin: 0.63em 0px 1.8em; padding: 0px; counter-reset: list-1 0 list-2 0 list-3 0 list-4 0 list-5 0 list-6 0 list-7 0 list-8 0 list-9 0; color: #191919; font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">(6)样品保存条件:需测试样品表面成分的,请不要对样品进行擦拭、触摸等,避免污染测试面。</span></p> <p style="border: 0px; font-size: 16px; margin: 0.63em 0px 1.8em; padding: 0px; counter-reset: list-1 0 list-2 0 list-3 0 list-4 0 list-5 0 list-6 0 list-7 0 list-8 0 list-9 0; color: #191919; font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">(7)样品包装条件:样品用干净材料包装,尽量避免接触测试面,存放于温湿度适宜条件下。有条件可</span></p> <p style="border: 0px; font-size: 16px; margin: 0.63em 0px 1.8em; padding: 0px; counter-reset: list-1 0 list-2 0 list-3 0 list-4 0 list-5 0 list-6 0 list-7 0 list-8 0 list-9 0; color: #191919; font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">以真空包装保存。</span></p> <p style="border: 0px; font-size: 16px; margin: 0.63em 0px 1.8em; padding: 0px; counter-reset: list-1 0 list-2 0 list-3 0 list-4 0 list-5 0 list-6 0 list-7 0 list-8 0 list-9 0; color: #191919; font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; background-color: #ffffff;">四、应用</p> <p style="border: 0px; font-size: 16px; margin: 0.63em 0px 1.8em; padding: 0px; counter-reset: list-1 0 list-2 0 list-3 0 list-4 0 list-5 0 list-6 0 list-7 0 list-8 0 list-9 0; color: #191919; font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; background-color: #ffffff;">飞行时间二次离子质谱主要通过质谱分析、表面成像(二维成像/三维成像)、深度剖析等功能,从而分析样品表面元素成分和分布。</p> <p style="border: 0px; font-size: 16px; margin: 0.63em 0px 1.8em; padding: 0px; counter-reset: list-1 0 list-2 0 list-3 0 list-4 0 list-5 0 list-6 0 list-7 0 list-8 0 list-9 0; color: #191919; font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">1. 表面质谱</span></p> <p class="ql-align-center" style="border: 0px; font-size: 16px; margin: 0.63em 0px 1.8em; padding: 0px; counter-reset: list-1 0 list-2 0 list-3 0 list-4 0 list-5 0 list-6 0 list-7 0 list-8 0 list-9 0; text-align: center; color: #191919; font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; background-color: #ffffff;"><img style="border: 0px; margin: 10px auto 0px; padding: 0px; display: block; height: auto; max-width: 100%;" src="http://q3.itc.cn/images01/20240521/d417569605d2414eb47ab766580419d1.png" /></p> <p style="border: 0px; font-size: 16px; margin: 0.63em 0px 1.8em; padding: 0px; counter-reset: list-1 0 list-2 0 list-3 0 list-4 0 list-5 0 list-6 0 list-7 0 list-8 0 list-9 0; color: #191919; font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">2. 表面成像分析</span></p> <p style="border: 0px; font-size: 16px; margin: 0.63em 0px 1.8em; padding: 0px; counter-reset: list-1 0 list-2 0 list-3 0 list-4 0 list-5 0 list-6 0 list-7 0 list-8 0 list-9 0; color: #191919; font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; background-color: #ffffff;">a. 表面化学成分的成像分布</p> <p style="border: 0px; font-size: 16px; margin: 0.63em 0px 1.8em; padding: 0px; counter-reset: list-1 0 list-2 0 list-3 0 list-4 0 list-5 0 list-6 0 list-7 0 list-8 0 list-9 0; color: #191919; font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; background-color: #ffffff;">b. 元素、同位素、分子的二维成像分布</p> <p style="border: 0px; font-size: 16px; margin: 0.63em 0px 1.8em; padding: 0px; counter-reset: list-1 0 list-2 0 list-3 0 list-4 0 list-5 0 list-6 0 list-7 0 list-8 0 list-9 0; color: #191919; font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; background-color: #ffffff;">c.空间分辨率高达80nm</p> <p style="border: 0px; font-size: 16px; margin: 0.63em 0px 1.8em; padding: 0px; counter-reset: list-1 0 list-2 0 list-3 0 list-4 0 list-5 0 list-6 0 list-7 0 list-8 0 list-9 0; color: #191919; font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; background-color: #ffffff;">d. 各成分分布图可平行获取</p> <p class="ql-align-center" style="border: 0px; font-size: 16px; margin: 0.63em 0px 1.8em; padding: 0px; counter-reset: list-1 0 list-2 0 list-3 0 list-4 0 list-5 0 list-6 0 list-7 0 list-8 0 list-9 0; text-align: center; color: #191919; font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; background-color: #ffffff;"><img style="border: 0px; margin: 10px auto 0px; padding: 0px; display: block; height: auto; max-width: 100%;" src="http://q5.itc.cn/images01/20240521/f369ce85749742b5bfa693789faa452a.png" /></p> <p style="border: 0px; font-size: 16px; margin: 0.63em 0px 1.8em; padding: 0px; counter-reset: list-1 0 list-2 0 list-3 0 list-4 0 list-5 0 list-6 0 list-7 0 list-8 0 list-9 0; color: #191919; font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">3.深度剖析</span></p> <p style="border: 0px; font-size: 16px; margin: 0.63em 0px 1.8em; padding: 0px; counter-reset: list-1 0 list-2 0 list-3 0 list-4 0 list-5 0 list-6 0 list-7 0 list-8 0 list-9 0; color: #191919; font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; background-color: #ffffff;">在飞行时间二次离子质谱中,对样品施加低能量的离子束, 这个离子束会对样品进行刻蚀从而形成一个微小的溅射凹坑,同时采用脉冲式离子束对溅射凹坑中心进行分析,这便是深度分析。</p> <p style="border: 0px; font-size: 16px; margin: 0.63em 0px 1.8em; padding: 0px; counter-reset: list-1 0 list-2 0 list-3 0 list-4 0 list-5 0 list-6 0 list-7 0 list-8 0 list-9 0; color: #191919; font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; background-color: #ffffff;">深度分析采用的是双束离子分析:溅射源离子和分析源离子。通过深度分析,研究者可以得到样品随深度变化的离子强度分布。</p> <p style="border: 0px; font-size: 16px; margin: 0.63em 0px 1.8em; padding: 0px; counter-reset: list-1 0 list-2 0 list-3 0 list-4 0 list-5 0 list-6 0 list-7 0 list-8 0 list-9 0; color: #191919; font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; background-color: #ffffff;">深度分析可以达到优于1 nm的分辨率,深度溅射速度可以达到10 μm/h。</p> <p class="ql-align-center" style="border: 0px; font-size: 16px; margin: 0.63em 0px 1.8em; padding: 0px; counter-reset: list-1 0 list-2 0 list-3 0 list-4 0 list-5 0 list-6 0 list-7 0 list-8 0 list-9 0; text-align: center; color: #191919; font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; background-color: #ffffff;"><img style="border: 0px; margin: 10px auto 0px; padding: 0px; display: block; height: auto; max-width: 100%;" src="http://q5.itc.cn/images01/20240521/0c5c7d33884e44f7919ef258418edb14.png" /><span class="img-desc" style="border: 0px; margin: 14px auto 20px; padding: 0px; display: block; width: 528px; color: #919191 !important; line-height: 20px !important;">案例:金属-半导体材料内部各元素的深度分布</span></p> <p style="border: 0px; font-size: 16px; margin: 0.63em 0px 1.8em; padding: 0px; counter-reset: list-1 0 list-2 0 list-3 0 list-4 0 list-5 0 list-6 0 list-7 0 list-8 0 list-9 0; color: #191919; font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; background-color: #ffffff;">实验对未退火和退火处理后的芯片进行深度分析,作者重点关注了Au、O、Be、P、Ga元素的深度分布。实验结果如下图6所示。</p> <p class="ql-align-center" style="border: 0px; font-size: 16px; margin: 0.63em 0px 1.8em; padding: 0px; counter-reset: list-1 0 list-2 0 list-3 0 list-4 0 list-5 0 list-6 0 list-7 0 list-8 0 list-9 0; text-align: center; color: #191919; font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; background-color: #ffffff;"><img style="border: 0px; margin: 10px auto 0px; padding: 0px; display: block; height: auto; max-width: 100%;" src="http://q2.itc.cn/images01/20240521/e2d27d2f4d454e12bf3f8ff13da4fbce.jpeg" /><span class="img-desc" style="border: 0px; margin: 14px auto 20px; padding: 0px; display: block; width: 528px; color: #919191 !important; line-height: 20px !important;">图6 未退火a和退火b材料的深度分布曲线</span></p> <p style="border: 0px; font-size: 16px; margin: 0.63em 0px 1.8em; padding: 0px; counter-reset: list-1 0 list-2 0 list-3 0 list-4 0 list-5 0 list-6 0 list-7 0 list-8 0 list-9 0; color: #191919; font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; background-color: #ffffff;">数据来源-肖和平,王宇.TOF-SIMS法研究金属-半导体界面[J].固体电子学研究与进展,2017,37(06):443-450.</p> <p style="border: 0px; font-size: 16px; margin: 0.63em 0px 1.8em; padding: 0px; counter-reset: list-1 0 list-2 0 list-3 0 list-4 0 list-5 0 list-6 0 list-7 0 list-8 0 list-9 0; color: #191919; font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; background-color: #ffffff;">由图6可得,没有经过退火处理的芯片在金属半导体界面内,各元素没有明显的相互扩散现象,氧元素强度基本稳定。退火处理后的芯片有着明显的元素扩散现象。</p> <p style="border: 0px; font-size: 16px; margin: 0.63em 0px 1.8em; padding: 0px; counter-reset: list-1 0 list-2 0 list-3 0 list-4 0 list-5 0 list-6 0 list-7 0 list-8 0 list-9 0; color: #191919; font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; background-color: #ffffff;">4.3D分析</p> <p style="border: 0px; font-size: 16px; margin: 0.63em 0px 1.8em; padding: 0px; counter-reset: list-1 0 list-2 0 list-3 0 list-4 0 list-5 0 list-6 0 list-7 0 list-8 0 list-9 0; color: #191919; font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; background-color: #ffffff;">通过综合质谱、二维成像、深度分析的数据,可以实现样品成分的三维成像,得到3D图。通过3D图可以分析样品结构、缺陷等信息。如图7所示,为一个未知样品的3D示意图。</p> <p style="border: 0px; font-size: 16px; margin: 0.63em 0px 1.8em; padding: 0px; counter-reset: list-1 0 list-2 0 list-3 0 list-4 0 list-5 0 list-6 0 list-7 0 list-8 0 list-9 0; color: #191919; font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; background-color: #ffffff;"> </p> <p class="ql-align-center" style="border: 0px; font-size: 16px; margin: 0.63em 0px 1.8em; padding: 0px; counter-reset: list-1 0 list-2 0 list-3 0 list-4 0 list-5 0 list-6 0 list-7 0 list-8 0 list-9 0; text-align: center; color: #191919; font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; background-color: #ffffff;"><img style="border: 0px; margin: 10px auto 0px; padding: 0px; display: block; height: auto; max-width: 100%;" src="http://q8.itc.cn/images01/20240521/b855cf47137d419ea7c0644d62941c7a.png" /></p> <p> </p>