什么是材料测试？金属材料测试的内容有哪些？

<p><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: arial; background-color: #ffffff; --tt-darkmode-color: #A3A3A3;" data-from-paste="1" data-diagnose-id="3f55cc9e83f40dbd670eee61998bc6fb">在所有主要行业中，关键系统、产品和组件的制造商、开发商和运营商必须确保在构建设备时使用的材料符合其预期任务。因此，可靠的材料测试是验证公司在其生产过程中使用的材料是否符合预期并符合所有适用法规的通用方法。今天，科兴测试小编和您分享</span><span style="max-width: 100%; color: #222222; font-family: arial; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="max-width: 100%; color: #000000; --tt-darkmode-color: #A3A3A3;" data-from-paste="1" data-diagnose-id="021d36caafc5feb8e2cf25e108548482">什么是材料测试？金属材料测试的内容有哪些？</span></span></span></p> <div class="dpu8C _2kCxD " style="max-width: 100%; overflow-x: visible; font-size: 18px; line-height: 30px; color: #222222; margin-top: 28px; font-family: arial; background-color: #ffffff;"> <h3 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 18px; overflow-y: auto; max-width: 100%;" data-from-paste="1" data-diagnose-id="4e10492d060608eae34137d051bd2348"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">一、什么是<span style="color: #236fa1;"><a style="color: #236fa1;" title="材料测试平台" href="https://www.kexingtest.com/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">材料测试</a></span>？</span></h3> </div> <div class="dpu8C _2kCxD " style="max-width: 100%; overflow-x: visible; font-size: 18px; line-height: 30px; color: #222222; margin-top: 24px; font-family: arial; background-color: #ffffff;"> <p style="overflow-y: auto; max-width: 100%; line-height: 30px; margin: 0px !important; padding: 0px !important;" data-from-paste="1"><span style="max-width: 100%; color: #000000; --tt-darkmode-color: #A3A3A3; font-size: 12pt;" data-from-paste="1" data-diagnose-id="2b3162b2625a024ef7ce58d12ab9448e">材料测试是产品可靠性与制造产品所涉及的材料之间这种关系的支柱。这就是为什么制造商依靠材料测试结果来解释从设计用于医/疗植入物的合金的成分到建筑行业新材料的可燃性的所有内容。</span></p> </div> <div class="dpu8C _2kCxD " style="max-width: 100%; overflow-x: visible; font-size: 18px; line-height: 30px; color: #222222; margin-top: 24px; font-family: arial; background-color: #ffffff;"> <p style="overflow-y: auto; max-width: 100%; line-height: 30px; margin: 0px !important; padding: 0px !important;" data-from-paste="1"><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="max-width: 100%; color: #000000; --tt-darkmode-color: #A3A3A3;" data-from-paste="1" data-diagnose-id="729febd9cddab08428639e34bfbb576c">材料测试可以制造和制造从热塑性塑料到粘合剂，复合材料到玻璃，热固性塑料到钛等各种产品。</span></span></p> <div class="dpu8C _2kCxD " style="max-width: 100%; overflow-x: visible; line-height: 30px; margin-top: 28px;"> <h3 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 18px; overflow-y: auto; max-width: 100%;" data-from-paste="1" data-diagnose-id="569725dd25e8a4408bb6bd1ca3d25b36"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">二、金属材料测试的内容有哪些？</span></h3> </div> <div class="dpu8C _2kCxD " style="max-width: 100%; overflow-x: visible; line-height: 30px; margin-top: 24px;"> <p style="overflow-y: auto; max-width: 100%; line-height: 30px; margin: 0px !important; padding: 0px !important;" data-from-paste="1"><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><strong style="max-width: 100%;" data-from-paste="1" data-diagnose-id="57d47255bdacfd8e0c0f538b77b0b3d1"><span style="max-width: 100%; color: #000000; --tt-darkmode-color: #A3A3A3;" data-from-paste="1" data-diagnose-id="333d3826583c4738ef9d8aaae701647f">1、 机械性能：</span></strong></span></p> </div> <div class="dpu8C _2kCxD " style="max-width: 100%; overflow-x: visible; line-height: 30px; margin-top: 24px;"> <p style="overflow-y: auto; max-width: 100%; line-height: 30px; margin: 0px !important; padding: 0px !important;" data-from-paste="1"><span style="max-width: 100%; color: #000000; --tt-darkmode-color: #A3A3A3; font-size: 12pt;" data-from-paste="1" data-diagnose-id="672b2a7a3b41586cb02256c74ea36102">主要包括（拉伸试验、高低温拉伸试验、 压缩试验、剪切试验、扭转试验、弯曲试验、冲击试验、洛氏硬度试验 、布氏硬度试验、维氏硬度试验、压扁试验 ；</span></p> </div> <div class="dpu8C _2kCxD " style="max-width: 100%; overflow-x: visible; line-height: 30px; margin-top: 24px;"> <p style="overflow-y: auto; max-width: 100%; line-height: 30px; margin: 0px !important; padding: 0px !important;" data-from-paste="1"><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><strong style="max-width: 100%;" data-from-paste="1" data-diagnose-id="d34146af63413d0caadb41f0d672eac4"><span style="max-width: 100%; color: #000000; --tt-darkmode-color: #A3A3A3;" data-from-paste="1" data-diagnose-id="026784efc9a12f59095b66735adc5882">2、 化学成分分析：</span></strong></span></p> </div> <div class="dpu8C _2kCxD " style="max-width: 100%; overflow-x: visible; line-height: 30px; margin-top: 24px;"> <p style="overflow-y: auto; max-width: 100%; line-height: 30px; margin: 0px !important; padding: 0px !important;" data-from-paste="1"><span style="max-width: 100%; color: #000000; --tt-darkmode-color: #A3A3A3; font-size: 12pt;" data-from-paste="1" data-diagnose-id="5fb2c778a339b88233417ecc3ada19b3"><span style="max-width: 100%;" data-fake="1" data-diagnose-id="0fe3f9a0ccb99a63edd5498d4c31a335" data-from-paste="1">主要分析金属材里的各种化学成分含量（碳， 硅， 锰， 磷， 硫， 镍， 铬， 钼， 铜， 钒， 钛， 钨， 铅，</span><span id="typo-457" style="max-width: 100%;" data-from-paste="1" data-diagnose-id="4f6c95e29333d1f504ace8dbf48ae8c3">铌</span><span style="max-width: 100%;" data-fake="1" data-diagnose-id="a1285f51c9137263d639e6bce1c22a01" data-from-paste="1">， 汞， 锡， 镉， 锑， 铝， 镁， 铁， 锌， 氮， 氢， 氧 ）；</span></span></p> </div> <div class="dpu8C _2kCxD " style="max-width: 100%; overflow-x: visible; line-height: 30px; margin-top: 24px;"> <p style="overflow-y: auto; max-width: 100%; line-height: 30px; margin: 0px !important; padding: 0px !important;" data-from-paste="1"><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><strong style="max-width: 100%;" data-from-paste="1" data-diagnose-id="6c63f96f446c49e5c1fd4983bba2e8bf"><span style="max-width: 100%; color: #000000; --tt-darkmode-color: #A3A3A3;" data-from-paste="1" data-diagnose-id="8931ee79f418b7df872f50c7c71f228d">3、 金相测试：</span></strong></span></p> </div> <div class="dpu8C _2kCxD " style="max-width: 100%; overflow-x: visible; line-height: 30px; margin-top: 24px;"> <p style="overflow-y: auto; max-width: 100%; line-height: 30px; margin: 0px !important; padding: 0px !important;" data-from-paste="1"><span style="max-width: 100%; color: #000000; --tt-darkmode-color: #A3A3A3; font-size: 12pt;" data-from-paste="1" data-diagnose-id="e8e7cfa58e1dd960a0a80e886bdb0c22">主要包括（非金属夹杂物、低倍组织、晶粒度、断口检验、镀层厚度、硬化层深度、脱碳层、灰口铸铁金相、球墨铸铁金相、金相切片分析；</span></p> </div> <div class="dpu8C _2kCxD " style="max-width: 100%; overflow-x: visible; line-height: 30px; margin-top: 24px;"> <p style="overflow-y: auto; max-width: 100%; line-height: 30px; margin: 0px !important; padding: 0px !important;" data-from-paste="1"><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><strong style="max-width: 100%;" data-from-paste="1" data-diagnose-id="36a548d6e78bfbbef05bd4b5bdb3cb64"><span style="max-width: 100%; color: #000000; --tt-darkmode-color: #A3A3A3;" data-from-paste="1" data-diagnose-id="43ea0208d88513ec193b220dcbaccd73">4、 镀层测试：</span></strong></span></p> </div> <div class="dpu8C _2kCxD " style="max-width: 100%; overflow-x: visible; line-height: 30px; margin-top: 24px;"> <p style="overflow-y: auto; max-width: 100%; line-height: 30px; margin: 0px !important; padding: 0px !important;" data-from-paste="1"><span style="max-width: 100%; color: #000000; --tt-darkmode-color: #A3A3A3; font-size: 12pt;" data-from-paste="1" data-diagnose-id="f5b9e5efe16611926ebcd8c505cdcb1a">常用方法为，镀层测厚-库仑法、镀层测厚-金相法、镀层测厚-涡流法、镀层测厚-射线荧光法、镀层成分分析和表面污点分析；</span></p> </div> <div class="dpu8C _2kCxD " style="max-width: 100%; overflow-x: visible; line-height: 30px; margin-top: 24px;"> <p style="overflow-y: auto; max-width: 100%; line-height: 30px; margin: 0px !important; padding: 0px !important;" data-from-paste="1"><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><strong style="max-width: 100%;" data-from-paste="1" data-diagnose-id="133d63c910a3249f308ddcc8d7664495"><span style="max-width: 100%; color: #000000; --tt-darkmode-color: #A3A3A3;" data-from-paste="1" data-diagnose-id="4d37fff5fc7e73e451bf3c1bdf78491c">5、 腐蚀测试：</span></strong></span></p> </div> <p style="overflow-y: auto; max-width: 100%; line-height: 30px; margin: 0px !important; padding: 0px !important;" data-from-paste="1"> </p> <div class="dpu8C _2kCxD " style="max-width: 100%; overflow-x: visible; line-height: 30px; margin-top: 24px;"> <p class="pgc-p" style="overflow-y: auto; max-width: 100%; line-height: 30px; margin: 0px !important; padding: 0px !important;" data-from-paste="1"><span style="max-width: 100%; color: #000000; --tt-darkmode-color: #A3A3A3; font-size: 12pt;" data-from-paste="1" data-diagnose-id="724573ef269219a370520d96d96ba91e">包括中性盐雾试验 、酸性盐雾试验、铜离子加速盐雾、二氧化硫腐蚀试验、硫化氢腐蚀试验、混和气体腐蚀实验、不锈钢10%草酸浸蚀试验、不锈钢硫酸-硫酸铁腐蚀试验、不锈钢65%硝酸腐蚀试验、不锈钢硝酸-氢氟酸腐蚀试验、不锈钢硫酸-硫酸铜腐蚀试验、不锈钢5%硫酸腐蚀试验；</span></p> <div class="dpu8C _2kCxD " style="max-width: 100%; overflow-x: visible; line-height: 30px; margin-top: 28px;"> <p style="overflow-y: auto; max-width: 100%; line-height: 30px; margin: 0px !important; padding: 0px !important;" data-from-paste="1"><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><strong style="max-width: 100%;" data-from-paste="1" data-diagnose-id="74faff0c8aff21f8ee5505083370f4c2"><span style="max-width: 100%; color: #000000; --tt-darkmode-color: #A3A3A3;" data-from-paste="1" data-diagnose-id="0b3fd80e42ffb29b52f0a85200fcbf54">6、 无损探伤：</span></strong></span></p> </div> <div class="dpu8C _2kCxD " style="max-width: 100%; overflow-x: visible; line-height: 30px; margin-top: 24px;"> <p style="overflow-y: auto; max-width: 100%; line-height: 30px; margin: 0px !important; padding: 0px !important;" data-from-paste="1"><span style="max-width: 100%; color: #000000; --tt-darkmode-color: #A3A3A3; font-size: 12pt;" data-from-paste="1" data-diagnose-id="919db34bc45a1b47d8d5e89d1d05971d">包括超声波检测、射线检测、磁粉检测、渗透检测；</span></p> </div> <div class="dpu8C _2kCxD " style="max-width: 100%; overflow-x: visible; line-height: 30px; margin-top: 24px;"> <p style="overflow-y: auto; max-width: 100%; line-height: 30px; margin: 0px !important; padding: 0px !important;" data-from-paste="1"><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><strong style="max-width: 100%;" data-from-paste="1" data-diagnose-id="8352ca0afc7510f2133a4baa01aa1a9d"><span style="max-width: 100%; color: #000000; --tt-darkmode-color: #A3A3A3;" data-from-paste="1" data-diagnose-id="921200d8917d3bf5854715c0a3f95ac6">7、 尺寸测试：</span></strong></span></p> </div> <div class="dpu8C _2kCxD " style="max-width: 100%; overflow-x: visible; line-height: 30px; margin-top: 24px;"> <p style="overflow-y: auto; max-width: 100%; line-height: 30px; margin: 0px !important; padding: 0px !important;" data-from-paste="1"><span style="max-width: 100%; color: #000000; --tt-darkmode-color: #A3A3A3; font-size: 12pt;" data-from-paste="1" data-diagnose-id="6af046b37dabc7ad68a67632aa9a27c2">包括尺寸测量、对称性、垂直度、平整度、圆跳动、同轴度、平行度、圆度、粗糙度；</span></p> </div> <div class="dpu8C _2kCxD " style="max-width: 100%; overflow-x: visible; line-height: 30px; margin-top: 24px;"> <p style="overflow-y: auto; max-width: 100%; line-height: 30px; margin: 0px !important; padding: 0px !important;" data-from-paste="1"><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><strong style="max-width: 100%;" data-from-paste="1" data-diagnose-id="63b77f4bfb2c0f222f083d73f03c2f5d"><span style="max-width: 100%; color: #000000; --tt-darkmode-color: #A3A3A3;" data-from-paste="1" data-diagnose-id="b49f1672502c580acb48cb7537a8580d">8、 焊接工艺评定：</span></strong></span></p> </div> <div class="dpu8C _2kCxD " style="max-width: 100%; overflow-x: visible; line-height: 30px; margin-top: 24px;"> <p style="overflow-y: auto; max-width: 100%; line-height: 30px; margin: 0px !important; padding: 0px !important;" data-from-paste="1"><span style="max-width: 100%; color: #000000; --tt-darkmode-color: #A3A3A3; font-size: 12pt;" data-from-paste="1" data-diagnose-id="624de45969972188b2d65a5df9112416">包括拉伸测试、弯曲测试 (面弯背弯侧弯)、超声波检测、射线检测、磁粉检测、渗透检测、表面目测、宏观组织检测、焊缝硬度测试、冲击测试。</span></p> </div> <div class="dpu8C _2kCxD " style="max-width: 100%; overflow-x: visible; line-height: 30px; margin-top: 24px;"> <p style="overflow-y: auto; max-width: 100%; line-height: 30px; margin: 0px !important; padding: 0px !important;" data-from-paste="1"><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><strong style="max-width: 100%;" data-from-paste="1" data-diagnose-id="0dad6284407dac7aa4f4ec75b415bbbc"><span style="max-width: 100%; color: #000000; --tt-darkmode-color: #A3A3A3;" data-from-paste="1" data-diagnose-id="630f55356de2dcd04b39c7bd75f9ef6b">9、 失效分析包括：</span></strong></span></p> </div> <div class="dpu8C _2kCxD " style="max-width: 100%; overflow-x: visible; line-height: 30px; margin-top: 24px;"> <p style="overflow-y: auto; max-width: 100%; line-height: 30px; margin: 0px !important; padding: 0px !important;" data-from-paste="1"><span style="max-width: 100%; color: #000000; --tt-darkmode-color: #A3A3A3; font-size: 12pt;" data-from-paste="1" data-diagnose-id="cc57926aa6026666234ed5abf449a018">失效分析的程序和步骤、对失效事件进行调查、确定肇事件或者首先失效件、仔细收集失效件残骸并妥善保管、收集失效件背景资料、确定失效分析方案并制定实施细节、检查、测试与分析。</span></p> <p style="overflow-y: auto; max-width: 100%; line-height: 30px; margin: 0px !important; padding: 0px !important;" data-from-paste="1"> </p> </div> </div> </div>